Đặt \(\left(\sqrt{x};2\sqrt{y};3\sqrt{z}\right)=\left(a;b;c\right)\Rightarrow a;b;c\ge0\)

Ta có:

\(\dfrac{2}{a+b+c}-\dfrac{1}{ab+bc+ca}\le\dfrac{2}{a+b+c}-\dfrac{3}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=-3\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b+c}-\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{3}\le\dfrac{1}{3}\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi: \(a=b=c=1\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=\dfrac{1}{4}\\z=\dfrac{1}{9}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{x}=a;\sqrt{y}=b;\sqrt{z}=c\Rightarrow a^3b^3+b^3c^3+c^3a^3=1\)

\(=\sum\dfrac{a^{12}}{a^6+b^6}=\sum\dfrac{a^6\left(a^6+b^6\right)}{a^6+b^6}-\sum\dfrac{a^6b^6}{a^6+b^6}\\ =\sum a^6-\sum\dfrac{a^6b^6}{a^6+b^6}\\ \overset{Cosi}{\ge}a^3b^3+b^3c^3+c^3a^2-\sum\dfrac{a^6b^6}{2a^3b^3}\\ =1-\dfrac{1}{2}\sum a^3b^3=1-\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Dấu = xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt[3]{3}}\)

Có \(\sqrt{\dfrac{xy}{x+y+2z}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}}{\sqrt{x+y+2z}}\)\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{xy}}{\sqrt{\left(1+1+2\right)\left(x+y+2z\right)}}\)\(\le\dfrac{2\sqrt{xy}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+2\sqrt{z}}\) (theo bunhia dưới mẫu)\(\le\dfrac{2\sqrt{xy}}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{z}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\dfrac{xy}{x+y+2z}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{z}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}}{\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}}\right)\)

Tương tự cũng có:

\(\sqrt{\dfrac{yz}{y+z+2x}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{yz}}{\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{yz}}{\sqrt{z}+\sqrt{x}}\right)\)

\(\sqrt{\dfrac{zx}{z+x+2y}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{zx}}{\sqrt{z}+\sqrt{y}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{zx}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}\right)\)

Cộng vế với vế ta được:

 \(VT\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{z}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{zx}}{\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow VT\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{z}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Dấu = xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{9}\)

hay

\(\dfrac{\sqrt{1+x^3+y^3}}{xy}>=\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{xy}}\)

\(\dfrac{\sqrt{1+y^3+z^3}}{yz}>=\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{yz}}\)

\(\dfrac{\sqrt{1+z^3+x^3}}{xz}>=\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{xz}}\)

=>\(VT>=\sqrt{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{xy}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{yz}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{xz}}\right)=3\sqrt{3}\)

\(\sqrt{2x\left(y+z\right)}< =\dfrac{2x+y+z}{2}\)

=>\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x\left(y+z\right)}}>=\dfrac{2\sqrt{2}}{2x+y+z}\)

=>\(P>=2\sqrt{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{2x+y+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+2y+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+y+2z}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow P>=2\sqrt{2}\cdot\dfrac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{\left(2x+y+z\right)+x+2y+z+x+y+2z}=\dfrac{18\sqrt{2}}{4\cdot18\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{1}{4}\)

Dấu = xảy ra khi x=y=z=6căn 2

Lời giải:

Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
$\frac{x^3}{y(x+z)}+\frac{y}{2}+\frac{x+z}{4}\geq \frac{3}{2}x$

Tương tự với các phân thức còn lại, cộng theo vế và rút gọn ta được:

$\Rightarrow P=\sum \frac{x^3}{y(x+z)}\geq \frac{x+y+z}{2}$

Tiếp tục áp dụng AM-GM:

$x+y\geq 2\sqrt{xy}$

$y+z\geq 2\sqrt{yz}$

$x+z\geq 2\sqrt{xz}$

$\Rightarrow x+y+z\geq \sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{xz}=1$

$\Rightarrow P\geq \frac{1}{2}$

Vậy $P_{\min}=\frac{1}{2}$ khi $x=y=z=\frac{1}{3}$

\(\dfrac{x^3}{y\left(x+z\right)}+\dfrac{y}{2}+\dfrac{x+z}{4}\ge\dfrac{3x}{2}\)

Tương tự và cộng lại:

\(P+x+y+z\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(\sqrt{x+yz}=\sqrt{x\left(x+y+z\right)+yz}=\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(z+x\right)}\ge\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{xz}+\sqrt{xy}\right)^2}=\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{xz}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{x+\sqrt{x+yz}}\le\dfrac{x}{x+\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{xz}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}}\)

Tương tự:

\(\dfrac{y}{y+\sqrt{y+xz}}\le\dfrac{\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}}\)

\(\dfrac{z}{z+\sqrt{z+xy}}\le\dfrac{\sqrt{z}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}}\)

Cộng vế:

\(VT\le\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}}=1\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{3}\)

\(2=3\sqrt{xy}+2\sqrt{xz}\le\dfrac{3}{2}\left(x+y\right)+x+z\)

\(\Rightarrow5x+3y+2z\ge4\)

\(A=5\left(\dfrac{xy}{z}+\dfrac{xz}{y}\right)+3\left(\dfrac{xy}{z}+\dfrac{yz}{x}\right)+2\left(\dfrac{xz}{y}+\dfrac{yz}{x}\right)\)

\(A\ge5.2x+3.2y+2.2z=2\left(5x+3y+2z\right)\ge8\)

\(A_{min}=8\) khi \(x=y=z=\dfrac{2}{5}\)